等級說明

南方松

木材等級

描述

不同的專案需要不同類型的木材，那麼你怎麼知道哪種類型的南方松木材適合你的專案呢？這就是木材等級描述的用武之地。

木材等級可作為您需要瞭解的有關木材品質和特性的所有信息的代碼，因此您可以獲得特定專案所需的東西，無論是用於商業、工業還是住宅用途。

南方松木材通常根據外觀和結構特徵進行分級。每個等級都詳細說明瞭木材的品質和適用於不同應用的適用性。等級描述還提供以下方面的指導：

基於SPIB評分規則的等級描述

Grade	Grade Characteristics and Typical Uses
	See Table 1 for design values
Dense Select Structural Select Structural Select Structural Non-Dense	High quality, limited in characteristics that affect strength or stiffness. Recommended for uses where high strength, stiffness and good appearance are desired.
No.1 Dense No.1 No. 1 Non-Dense	Recommended for construction where high strength, stiffness and good appearance are desired.
No.2 Dense No.2 No.2 Non-Dense	Recommended for most general construction uses where moderately high design values are required. Allows well-spaced knots of any quality.
No.3	Recommended for general construction purposes where appearance is not a controlling factor. Many pieces included in this grade would qualify as No.2 except for a single limiting characteristic.
Stud	Suitable for stud uses including use in load-bearing walls. Composite of No.3 strength and No.1 nailing edge characteristics for a better nailing surface.
*Construction (2″ to 4″ wide only)	Recommended for general framing purposes. Good appearance, but graded primarily for strength and serviceability.
*Standard (2″ to 4″ wide only)	Recommended for same purposes as Construction grade. Characteristics are limited to provide good strength and excellent serviceability.
*Utility (2″ to 4″ wide only)	Recommended where a combination of economical construction and good strength is desired. Used for such purposes as studding, blocking, plates, bracing and rafters. Design values only apply to utility lumber that is 4” wide.
Economy (Design values are not assigned)	Usable lengths suitable for bracing, blocking, bulkheading and other general utility purposes where strength and appearance are not a consideration.

主要尺寸：2 英寸至 4 英寸厚，2 英寸至 12 英寸寬

Grade	Grade Characteristics and Typical Uses
	See Table 1 for design values
No.1 Prime	Recommended where appearance and strength are a consideration. Grade based on No.1 Dimension Lumber except wane and other characteristics that affect appearance are limited.
No.2 Prime	Recommended where appearance and strength are a consideration. Grade based on No.2 Dimension Lumber except wane and other characteristics that affect appearance are limited.

木材：5“ x 5” 及以上*

Grade	Grade Characteristics and Typical Uses
	See Table 3 for design values
Dense Select Structural Select Structural	Recommended where high strength, stiffness and good appearance are desired.
No.1 Dense No.1	Recommended for general construction uses. Similar in appearance to No.1 Dimension Lumber.
No.2 Dense No.2	Recommended for general construction uses. Similar in appearance to No.2 Dimension Lumber.
No.3 (Design values are not assigned)	Non-stress rated, but economical for general utility purposes such as bracing, blocking, bulkheading, etc.

機械級配木材 - 機械應力額定（MSR）木材：厚度為 4 英寸及以下，2 英寸及以上*

Grade

Grade Characteristics and Typical Uses

See Table 2 or SPIB Grading Rules for design values

750f – 1.4E thru 3000f – 2.4E

Machine Stress Rated (MSR) lumber is evaluated by mechanical stress rating equipment. MSR lumber is distinguished from visually stress graded lumber in that each piece is non-destructively tested. MSR lumber is also required to meet certain visual grading requirements. The grade mark can include “1W” or “2W” if visually graded to the wane requirements for No.1 or No.2 dimension lumber, respectively.

機械級配木材 - 機器評估木材（MEL）：厚度為 4 英寸及以下，2 英寸及更寬*

Grade	Grade Characteristics and Typical Uses
	See Table 2 or SPIB Grading Rules for design values
M-5 thru M-42	Well-manufactured material evaluated by calibrated mechanical grading equipment which measures certain properties and sorts the lumber into various strength classifications. Machine Evaluated Lumber is also required to meet certain visual requirements. The grade mark can include “1W” or “2W” if visually graded to the wane requirements for No.1 or No.2 dimension lumber, respectively.

E 級結構層壓：厚度為 4 英寸及以下，2 英寸及更寬*

Grade	Grade Characteristics and Typical Uses
	Design Values by qualification
E-grades	Suitable for use as individual laminations for structural glued laminated timbers. This lumber has been non-destructively evaluated by an American Lumber Standard Committee approved machine.

膠合木材：厚度不超過 4 英寸，寬度因產品而異*

Grade	Grade Characteristics and Typical Uses
	See Table 1 for design values
See Dimension Lumber Grades	End-glued, face-glued, and edge-glued Southern Pine in glued assemblies, including stress-rated grades of finger-jointed 2″ Dimension Lumber.

腳手架板：2 英寸和 3 英寸厚，8 英寸及更寬*

Grade	Grade Characteristics and Typical Uses
	See Table 4 for design values
Dense Industrial 72 Scaffold Plank Dense Industrial 65 Scaffold Plank	All Scaffold Plank design values are calculated using ASTM Standards D245 and D2555. These values are modified using procedures shown in “Calculating Apparent Reliability of Wood Scaffold Planks,” as published by the Journal on Structural Safety, 2 (1984) 47-57, and updated in 1993.
MSR Scaffold Plank: 2400f – 2.0E MSR Scaffold Plank: 2200f – 1.8E	Dressed to standard dry size prior to machine stress rating, and visually graded to assure that characteristics affecting strength are no more serious than the limiting characteristics for each grade. MSR Scaffold Plank is available 2″-thick only.

體育場等級：2 英寸厚，4 英寸至 12 英寸寬*

Grade	Grade Characteristics and Typical Uses
	See Table 1 for design values
No.1 Dense Stadium Grade No.1 Stadium Grade	For outdoor seating. Free of pitch pockets, pitch streaks and medium pitch on one wide face, but otherwise conforms to No.1 Dense or No.1 Dimension Lumber.

海堤等級：2 英寸至 4 英寸厚，6 英寸至 14 英寸寬*

Grade	Grade Characteristics and Typical Uses
	See Table 1 for design values
Any grade of Dimension Lumber	One wide face and both adjacent narrow faces must be free of pith and/or heartwood. Application of the product requires pressure treatment by an approved treating process and preservative for marine usage.

船用等級：1 英寸至 20 英寸厚，2 英寸至 20 英寸寬*

Grade	Grade Characteristics and Typical Uses
	See Table 1 for design values See Table 3 for design values
Any grade of Dimension Lumber or Timbers	All four longitudinal faces must be free of pith and/or heartwood. Application of the product requires pressure treatment by an approved treating process and preservative for marine usage.

甲板、重型屋頂和重型船坪：2 英寸至 4 英寸厚，4 英寸及更寬*

Grade	Grade Characteristics and Typical Uses
	See SPIB Grading Rules for design values
Dense Standard Decking	A superior decking grade, suitable for plank floor where face serves as finish floor. Has a better appearance than No.1 Dense Dimension Lumber because of additional restrictions on firm red heart, pith, knots and wane.
Dense Select Decking Select Decking	An excellent decking grade that can be used face side down for roof decking or face side up for floor decking.
Dense Commercial Decking Commercial Decking	An economical roof decking which conforms to No. 2 Dimension Lumber characteristics.

板：1 英寸至 1-1/2 英寸厚，2 英寸及更寬

Grade	Grade Characteristics and Typical Uses
	See Table 1 for design values
Industrial 55	Graded as per No.1 Dimension Lumber.
Industrial 45	Graded as per No.2 Dimension Lumber.
Industrial 26	Graded as per No.3 Dimension Lumber.
No.1 (Design values are not assigned)	High quality with good appearance characteristics. Generally sound and tight-knotted. Largest hole permitted is 1/16″. Superior product suitable for a wide range of uses including shelving, boxing, crating, and form lumber.
No.2 (Design values are not assigned)	Good-quality sheathing, fencing, shelving and other general purpose uses.
No.3 (Design values are not assigned)	Good, serviceable sheathing; usable for many economical applications without waste.
No.4 (Design values are not assigned)	Admits pieces below a No.3 grade which can be used without waste, or which contain less than 25% waste by cutting.

工業木材：2 英寸及更厚，2 英寸及更寬*

Grade	Grade Characteristics and Typical Uses
	See SPIB Special Product Rules for design values
Industrial 86	Appearance is same as B&B Finish for thicknesses of 4″ and less and widths 12″ and less. Larger sizes conform to Dense Structural 86 Structural Lumber except for dense grain requirement.
Industrial 72	Appearance is same as C Finish for thicknesses of 4″ and less and widths 12″ and less. Larger sizes conform to Dense Structural 72 Structural Lumber except for dense grain requirement.
Industrial 65	Appearance is same as D Finish for thicknesses 4″ and less and widths 12″ and less. Larger sizes conform to Dense Structural 65 Structural Lumber except for dense grain requirement.

結構木材：2 英寸及更厚，2 英寸及更寬*

Grade	Grade Characteristics and Typical Uses
	See SPIB Special Product Rules for design values
Dense Structural 86 Dense Structural 72 Dense Structural 65	Premier structural grades. Provides good appearance with some of the highest design values available in any softwood species.

半徑邊緣甲板：1-1/4“ 厚，4” 至 6“ 寬

Grade	Grade Characteristics and Typical Uses
	Maximum recommended support spacing is 24″ on center (16″ on center for Imported Southern Pine)
Premium	High-quality product, recommended where smallest knots are desired and appearance is of utmost importance. Excellent for painting or staining.
Standard	Slightly less restrictive than premium grade. A very good product to use where a more rustic appearance is desired. Excellent for painting or staining.

表面處理：3/8“ 至 4” 厚，2“ 及寬

Grade	Grade Characteristics and Typical Uses
	Design values are not assigned
*B&B	Highest recognized grade of Finish. Generally clear, although a limited number of pin knots are permitted. Finest quality for natural or stain finish.
C	Excellent for painting or natural finish where requirements are less exacting. Reasonably clear, but permits limited number of surface checks and small tight knots.
C&Btr	Combination for B&B and C grades; satisfies requirements for high-quality finish.
D	Economical, serviceable grade for natural or painted finish.

地板、落板、鑲板、天花板和隔板、OG 棉絮、斜面壁板、雜項木製品

Grade	Grade Characteristics and Typical Uses
	Design values are not assigned
*B&B, C C&Btr, D	See Finish grades for face side; reverse side wane limitations are lower.
No.1	No.1 Drop Siding is graded as No.1 Boards; No.1 Flooring and Paneling not provided under SPIB Grading Rules as a separate grade, but if specified, will be designated and graded as D.
No.2	Graded as No.2 Boards. High utility value where appearance is not a factor.
No.3	Suitable for economical use as sheathing or lathing.

模制

Grade	Grade Characteristics and Typical Uses
	Design values are not assigned
B&B, C C&Btr, D	Recommended for moulding and millwork applications.

* 大多數工廠並不生產所有產品，也不進行所有等級的分離。這些產品和等級不是由大多數工廠製造的，都標有星號。