Guidance
for Uses of Chromated Copper Arsenate (CCA)
AWPA Commodity Standards (numeric order) |
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6-16-04
gray areas/out = cannot treat with CCA
white areas/in = can treat with CCA
*Year Edition Only (shown in instances where use is allowed)
AWPA
Standard
(Edition)* |
Name |
Approved Use
as of 12/31/03 |
Minimum Retention
(pcf)
see Definitions |
Comments |
Example |
C2
(2001) |
Lumber, Timbers, Bridge Ties and Mine Ties,
Preservative Treatment by Pressure Processes [subset of
uses included on label] All above ground, soil and fresh
water uses for these sawn timber products are not permitted
unless covered by a listed standard |
|
| Lumber and timber for
above ground, soil & fresh water use |
No |
0.25 above ground; 0.40
soil & fresh water |
|
retaining
walls - out (1) |
| Lumber and timber for salt water use only |
Yes |
0.60 |
See C18 |
See C18 |
| Bridge ties and mine ties
(all) |
No |
0.25 above ground; 0.40
soil & fresh water; 2.50 salt water |
|
Bridge ties and mine ties
- out |
C3
(2001) |
Piles - Preservative Treatment by Pressure
Processes |
Yes |
0.80 land & fresh water piles; foundation
piles; marine piles are 2.50, 1.50 for outer zone and
1.50, 0.875 for inner zone |
|
land & fresh water piles - in
foundation & marine piles - in
|
C4
(2001) |
Poles - Preservative Treatment by Pressure
Processes |
Yes |
0.60 outer zone; 0.30 inner zone when required |
Poles > 16 feet |
poles - in |
| C5 |
Fence Posts - Preservative
Treatment by Pressure Processes |
No |
0.40 |
Posts < 16 feet and
are round, half round or 1/4 round. |
Fence posts (residential,
other, all but agricultural) - out (see
C16) |
C9
(2001) |
Plywood - Preservative Treatment by Pressure
Processes |
Yes |
0.25 above ground; 0.40
soil or water use; 2.50 coastal waters
(2) |
in contact with soil (plywood)
not in contact with soil (plywood)
|
plywood storage sheds, garages - in
flatbed trailers - in
|
|
C14
(2001)
|
Wood for Highway Construction
- Preservative Treatment by Pressure Processes
*The Agency interprets this to include lumber for
roller coaster construction.
Highway construction standards: As defined by the American
Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials
(AASHTO), these are the more than 100 voluntary guidelines
and specifications that cover administration and economics,
bridges and structures, construction and right-of-way,
design and traffic, highway transport and safety, maintenance,
materials, and planning and environment.
|
Yes |
Varies according to the use,
e.g., 2.50 for structural lumber & timbers in salt
water use to 0.25 for handrails & guardrails not in
contact with ground or water |
|
Beams, timbers for highways;
posts for highway signs - in
lumber for roller coasters - in *
Decking for highway bridges; Guardrail posts - in
Vehicular bridges and/or guardrails on golf courses
meeting highway construction standards - in
Pedestrian bridges and/or guardrails on golf courses
- out
|
| C15 |
Wood for
Commercial-Residential Construction, Preservative Treatment
by Pressure Processes
|
No |
Varies from
0.25 to 0.60 depending on uses |
Includes
studs, roof decking, decking exposed to weather, flooring,
sawn posts and columns supporting decks; posts, square
fence, light fencing slats, pickets; landscape ties (sawn
on all 4 sides) |
steps for
trailer homes - out
wood wedges to support trailer homes - out
horse trailer, cattle trailer, trailers constructed
of dimensional lumber - out
skirtboards - out
sill plates - out
roofing curves-out
furring strips - out
|
C16
(2001) |
Wood Used on Farms - Preservative Treatment
by Pressure Processes [subset of uses included on label] |
Examples: poles & posts used for barns,
horse stables, hay storage buildings - in |
| Poles and Posts as Round Structural
Members |
Yes |
0.60 |
|
round poles and posts - in
round farm fence rails - in
|
| Poles and Posts, sawn Four Sides as Structural
Members |
Yes |
0.60 |
Deck is not a structural member.
|
Poles and posts, sawn four sides; must be
a structural member - in |
| Posts, Fence and rails |
Yes |
0.40 |
Round, half-round, and quarter-round |
Farm fence posts - in |
| Lumber, Plywood, Millwork,
Grape Stakes |
No |
0.25 or 0.40, depending
on the use |
|
grapes stakes - out
tomato stakes - out
lattices - out
farm fencing (e.g., planks, 1"x6"x16') - out
|
| C17 |
Playground Equipment Treated
with Inorganic Preservatives - Preservative Treatment
by Pressure Processes |
No |
0.40 for sawn material
and round material |
|
playground equipment -
out |
C18
(2001) |
Standard for Pressure Treated
Material in Marine Construction
Wood for Marine Construction for Salt Water Use (also
includes brackish water) (immersion and/or subject to
saltwater (or brackish water) splash [(subject to saltwater
(or brackish water) splash" means any member of
a marine structure which is positioned above mean high
tide but is subject to frequent wetting from wave action]),
[Pilings (sheet, round and square), timbers, and Plywood;
walers, framing, Stringers and Cross Bracing (2"x8"
and/or 3"x6" and larger nominal dimensions
and treated to a minimum of 0.60 pcf) (C18)
*Subject to Salt Water (or brackish water) Splash:
Any member of a marine structure which is positioned
above mean high tide, but is subject to frequent wetting
from wave action or wind, which supports intermittent
degradation by marine organisms.
|
Yes |
2.50 for most uses; 0.40 and
0.60 for wood not highly exposed* to salt water; 0.25
for fish ladders, lobster traps, oyster farming timbers
*Not highly exposed to salt water: Any member which
is not subject to submersion in salt water (or brackish
water) (i.e., above mean high tide)
|
Includes lumber, timber &
plywood in salt water; members out of saltwater but subject
to saltwater (or brackish water) splash |
freshwater uses - do not
apply
pilings - in
fish ladders - in
lobster traps - in
oyster farming timbers - in
Decking, railings, boardwalks - out
Pilings & crossbracing - in (see specific
language in lefthand column)
|
C22
(2001)
|
Lumber and Plywood for Permanent Wood Foundations
- Preservative Treatment by Pressure Processes
|
Yes |
0.60 for lumber and plywood |
|
Softwood lumber & plywood for use in
residential & light commercial wood foundations -
in |
C23
(2001) |
Round Poles and Posts Used in Building Construction,
Preservative Treatment by Pressure Processes |
Yes |
0.60 |
|
Round building poles & posts - in
|
C24
(2001) |
Sawn Timber Used to Support
Residential and Commercial Structures
|
Yes |
0.60 |
Piles are upright. |
sawn structural timbers (piles)
- in |
C25
(2001) |
Sawn Crossarms - Preservative Treatment
by Pressure or Thermal Processes |
Yes |
0.40 |
|
Sawn crossarms - in |
C28
(2001) |
Standard for Preservative Treatment
by Pressure Processes of Structural Glued Laminated Members
and Laminations Before Gluing*
*The Agency interprets this to include nail laminated
members (nails/mechanical fasteners may be used as laminate
in combination with, or in lieu of, glue)
|
Yes |
0.25 for above ground;
0.40 for soil contact |
|
Structural glued laminated
members - in
Nail laminated members - in
|
C30
(2002) |
Lumber, Timbers and Plywood for Cooling
Towers - Preservative Treatment by Pressure Processes |
Approved Use as of 12/03 and 2/04 label
revisions |
not applicable |
See 2002 Edition of AWPA Standards |
Cooling tower use only - in |
C33
(2001) |
Standard for Preservative Treatment
of Structural Composite Lumber by Pressure Processes |
Yes |
0.25 for above ground;
0.40 for soil contact |
|
Highway material - in
Structural composite lumber - in
|
C34
(2001) |
Shakes and Shingles - Preservative
Treatment by Pressure Processes |
Yes |
0.40 |
|
Shakes & shingles - in
Siding, commercial/ residential/ agricultural - in
Tile batts - in
|
- Information only
(not part of allowed uses): 2003 Edition, AWPA Standards,
U1-03 Use Category System, Section 3: Guide to Treated Wood).
[Back]
- All of these minimum
retention standards apply to the treatment of plywood, not
dimensional lumber. [Back]
Brackish Water Immersion: A level of treatment of
wood products intended for use in, or in contact with, brackish
water. As established by the American Wood-Preservers' Association,
that level is 2.5 pounds of retained preservative per cubic
foot of wood. This is the same level as required for salt
water immersion.
Dimension or dimensional: Lumber that is from 2"
up to, but not including, 5" thick, and that is 2 or more
inches in width. Dimension also is classified as framing,
joists, plants, and rafters.
Framing: Lumber used for structural members in a house
or other building.
Glued laminated (Glulam): A process in which individual
pieces of lumber or veneer are bonded together with an adhesive,
or with a combination of adhesives and mechanical fasteners,
to make a single piece, with the grain of each piece running
parallel to the grain of each of the other pieces.
Glue Nailed: A combination of gluing and nailing plywood
joints and connections for the stiffest possible construction.
Highway Construction Standards: As defined by the
American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials
(AASHTO), these are the more than 100 voluntary guidelines
and specifications that cover administration and economics,
bridges and structures, construction and right-of-way, design
and traffic, highway transport and safety, maintenance, materials,
and planning and environment.
Lumber: A wood product manufactured from logs by sawing,
resawing and, usually, planing, with all four sides sawn.
("timber" is used in place of "lumber" in many countries).
Marine construction: Wood used for piling (sheet,
round and square), Timbers, Walers, and Plywood and Framing,
Stringers and Cross Bracing; wood for marine construction
for salt water use (also includes brackish water) (immersion
and/or subject to saltwater (or brackish water) splash ["subject
to saltwater (or brackish water) splash" means any member
of a marine structure which is positioned above mean high
tide, but is subject to frequent wetting from wave action]),
[Pilings (sheet, round and square), Timbers, and Plywood;
Walers, Framing, Stringers and Cross Bracing (2"x8"
and/or 3"x6" and larger dimensions and treated to
a minimum of 0.60 pcf)
Marine framing: Pressure-treated dimension lumber
intended for use in applications where the material will be
in contact with salt water. Such lumber may be of any grade,
but must be treated to a preservative level of 2.5 lbs. per
cubic foot.
Minimum retention standard: Minimum retention standard
for treating Southern Pine with CCA, unless otherwise indicated.
See approved standards for minimum retentions for other species.
The standards are given in pounds per cubic foot (pcf). The
metric equivalents (kg/m3) for these are: 0.25
pcf = 4.0 kg/m3; 0.40 pcf = 6.4 kg/m3;
0.60 pcf = 9.6 kg/m3; 2.50 pcf = 40 kg/m3.
Not highly exposed to salt water: Any member which
is not subject to submersion in salt water (i.e., above mean
high tide)
Permanent wood foundation (PWF): A foundation
system in which treated wood products are used in place of
concrete (PWF does not include sill plates, furring strips,
or skirt boards). PWF improves heating and cooling capability
and can be installed in weather conditions that would prevent
pouring of a concrete foundation. It is a load-bearing lumber-framed
foundation wall system sheathed with plywood. Southern Pine
lumber used in a PWF is CCA-treated to a retention level of
0.60 lbs./cu.ft., in accordance with AWPA Standard C22. Variations
of the PWF system include the construction of an under-floor
plenum. A sealed, insulated cavity under the building is created
for the uniform, efficient distribution of warm air in the
winter and cool air in the summer from a centrally located
unit. This building technique is often referred to as the
Plen-Wood System.
Pile: (Piling): Round timbers or poles that are driven
into the ground to support a load, as a foundation for structure,
or as part of a dock or moorage. Sawn timbers are sometimes
used as piling.
Plywood: A flat panel made up of a number of thin
sheets, or veneers, of wood in which the grain direction of
each ply, or layer, is at right angles to the one adjacent
to it. The veneer sheets are united, under pressure, by a
bonding agent.
Pole: A long, usually round piece of wood, often
a small diameter log with the bark removed, used to carry
utility wire or for other purposes; often treated with preservative.
Post: A piece of lumber, less than 16' in length,
used in a vertical position to support a beam or other structural
member in a building, or as part of a fence. Although 4x4s
are often referred to as posts, most grading rules define
a post as having dimensions of 5" or more in width, with the
width not more than 2" greater than the thickness.
Post Frame Construction: A construction system using
vertical members (posts, columns, poles, timbers or others)
that may be embedded in the ground or surface-mounted to a
concrete or masonry foundation to form the building's frame.
Retaining Wall: A structure designed to keep a bank
of ground from collapsing or eroding.
Structural Composite Lumber: A family of engineered
wood products that combine wood fiber and exterior-type adhesives
to form lumber products of virtually any cross-sectional size.
The wood fibers may be in the form of veneers, strand, or
a combination thereof bonded together with wet-use structural
adhesives.
Stringer: A horizontal timber used to support floor
joists or other cross members. A stair stringer.
Subject to Salt Water Splash: Any
member of a marine structure which is positioned above mean
high tide, but is subject to frequent wetting from wave action
or wind, which supports intermittent degradation by marine
organisms.
Timber: A size classification of lumber that includes
pieces that are at least five inches in their smallest dimension;
also classified as beams, stringers, and girders.
Wale/waler: Planking placed horizontally across a
structure to strengthen it. Horizontal bracing used to stiffen
concrete form construction.
References:
National Frame Builders Association, Lawrence, Kansas, www.nfba.org/
Terms of the Trade, Random Length Publications, Inc.,
2000 (adapted for use in this document).
The American Wood Preservers' Association, Birmingham, Alabama
www.awpa.com,
205-733-4077
www.southernpine.com
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